THEORIES AND MODELS IN GEOGRAPHY: GEOMORPHOLOGY STUDY MATERIAL

Part 1 Geomorphology Section of Theories & Models in Geography for UGC NET Exam

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GEOMORPHOLOGY MODELS AND THEORIES FOR UGC NET EXAM, THEORIES AND MODELS IN GEOGRAPHY NOTES, MODEL IN GEOGRAPHY STUDY MATERIAL, THEORIES AND MODELS PYQS, 

 

Theories and Models in Geography

Part 1- Geomorphology –  Uniformitarianism, Isostasy, Continental Drift Theory, Cavern Formation Theory

Part 2- Climatology – Rainfall Formation Theories, Climatic Classification of Koeppen’s & Thronthwaite’s

Part 2- Oceanography – Theories of Coral Formation, Theories of Origin of Tides

Part 3- Agricultural Geography- Von Thunen’s Model of Land Use, Whittlesey Classification

Part 3- Economic Geography-  Industrial Location Theory by Alfred Weber

Part 3- Regional Development – Economic Growth Model of Rostow, Gunnar Myrdal, O Hirschman, John Friedman, Francois Perroux

Part 4- Population Geography – Population Resource Regions – Ackerman, Theories of Population Growth- Malthusian Theory of Population, Demographic Transition Theory, Theory of Migration- Ravenstein’s Laws, Zelinsky, Push & Pull Theory

Part 5- Settlement and Urban Geography-  CENTRAL PLACE THEORY, Economic Location Theory of August Losch, Theories of Urban Urban Morphology- E.W. Burgess, Homer Hoyt, C.D Harris & E.L Ullman

Part 6- Political Geography- Heartland Theory, Rimland Theory

Geomorphology

Concept/Hypothesis/Theory/ Model/

Profounder/Author  

Publish/Propose/Discover Year

           

Gaseous Hypothesis   

Immanuel Kant          

1755

 

Nebular Hypothesis   

Laplace           

1796

 

Planetesimal Hypothesis        

Chamberlin & Moulton         

1904

 

Tidal Theories

Jeans & Jeffrey’s       

1904 & 1929

 

Binary Star Hypothesis          

Russel & Littleton     

1937

 

Tetrahedral Hypothesis          

Lowthian Green         

1875

 

Uniformitarianism by James Hutton (1785)

“Present is key to the past”

 “Cyclic nature of Earth’s History”

‘No vestige of a Beginning; no prospect of an end’

 

Base Level     

J.W Powell     

1875

 

Isostasy

Dutton

1859

 

 Isostasy theory by Airy (1854)

‘Uniform density with varying thickness’

‘Law of Floatation’

 

Isostasy theory by Pratt (1859)

‘Uniform depth with varying density’

‘Law of Compensation’

Continental Drift Theory by Alfred Wegener (1912)

• Origin of Continents and Oceans
• Juxta Fit of Continents (Jigsaw-fit).
• Pangea & Panthalasa
• Angaraland/Laurasia & Gondwanaland
• Tethys Sea

Forces responsible for this Continental Drift:

1. Gravitational Forces
2. Tidal Forces

Convectional Current Theory

Arthur Holmes           

1930

 

Plate Tectonic Theory Plate- McKenzie and Parker, and Morgan 1967 & 1968

term – J.T Wilson (1965)       

 

Sea Floor Spreading Theory  

Harry Hess     

1960

 

Geomorphic Cycle by William Morris Davis (1899)

• Structure, Process & Time
•  ‘Trio of Davis’
• Time dependent series
• Erosion does not start until the upliftment is complete.
• Monadnocks  

‘Geomorphological System’ or ‘Geomorphological Analysis’ by Walther. Penck (1924)

• Primarumpf- Initial Geomorphic unit
• Entwicklung – Development
• Time independent series
• Erosion and upliftment in same time.
• Endrumpf – End Product

Cavern Formation Theory

1. Two Cycle Theory – Davis
2. Water Table Theory – Swinnerton
3. Static Water zone theory – Garner
4. Invasion Theory – Malott

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