BIOGEOGRAPHY 95 Important MCQS Part 2 FOR NTA UGC NET
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Q.16. Match List-I and List-II and select the correct answer using the code given below
| List-I
(Name of the Vegetation) |
List-II
(Country) |
| A. Chaparral | 1. Australia |
| B. Mallee | 2. California |
| C. Maquis | 3. Chile |
| D. Mattoral | 4. France |
Code:
| A | B | C | D | |
| A. | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 |
| B. | 4 | 3 | 1 | 2 |
| C. | 2 | 1 | 3 | 4 |
| D. | 2 | 1 | 4 | 3 |
Answer: D
Explanation:
Q.17. The Ecological succession normally leads to
(A) Habitat
(B) Biome
(C) Climax
(D) Climatic Frontier
Answer: C
Explanation:
Ecological succession – ecological succession, the process by which the structure of a biological community evolves over time
Ecological succession – 2 types
- Primary Succession – No Soil – Weathering, Volcanic Eruption – Soil formed –
- Pioneer Species (Lichens, Short grass)
- Intermediate Species (Taller Grasses, Shrubs, softwood trees)
iii. Climax Species (Hardwood Trees, Diverse plant-animal)
- Secondary Succession- Regrowth of a community after natural disaster – Soil Already present – natural disaster (wild fire, forest fire, flood, harvesting, epidemic disease, pest attack)
Q.18. Which of the following are the major components of ecosystem?
(A) Energy
(B) Biotic
(C) Abiotic
(D) All of the above
Answer: D
Explanation:
Q.19. Which of the following is smallest unit
(A) Biome
(B) Ecosystem
(C) Ecosphere
(D) Biosphere
Answer: B
Explanation:
Q.20. The word/term sclerophyllous means
(A) Soft leaf
(B) Hard Leaf
(C) Narrow leaf
(D) Thorny Leaf
Answer: B
Explanation:
Sclerophyll is a type of vegetation that has hard leaves, short internodes (the distance between leaves along the stem) and leaf orientation parallel or oblique to direct sunlight. … Sclerophyllous plants occur in many parts of the world, but are most typical in the chaparral biomes.
Q.21. The sequence of ecosystem development in terms of a particular suite of physical and chemical conditions is called
(A) Climatic Climax
(B) Biome
(C) Sere
(D) Mimosa
Answer: C
Explanation:
A sere, or a seral community, is defined as the sequence of development stages of an ecological community that starts from the pioneers to the climax stage.
Q.22. The distinct relationship between increasing altitude and latitude and plant communities is called
(A) Black box model
(B) Life zone concept
(C) Sere
(D) Mimosa
Answer: B
Explanation:
The life zone concept was developed by C. Hart Merriam in 1889 as a means of describing areas with similar plant and animal communities. Merriam observed that the changes in these communities with an increase in latitude at a constant elevation are similar to the changes seen with an increase in elevation at a constant latitude
Q.23. The ‘Life Zone Concept’ was given by
(A) Charles Darwin
(B) F. Ratzel
(C) Carl Ritter
(D) C. Hart Merriam
Answer: D
Explanation:
The life zone concept was developed by C. Hart Merriam in 1889
Q.24. Who used the word Biosphere on a large scale?
(A) Lenius
(B) Trewartha
(C) Darwin
(D) Vernadsky
Answer: D
Explanation:
- The term “biosphere” was coined by geologist Eduard Suess in 1875, which he defined as the place on Earth’s surface where life dwells.
- Vladimir Ivanovich Vernadsky was the scientist who elaborated the concept of the biosphere and who is now generally acknowledged as the originator of a new paradigm of life studies, a principal architect of our contemporary ecological vision of the biosphere.
Q.25. Biome consists of
(A) Plant community
(B) Animal community
(C) Animal and vegetation
(D) Soil and climate
Answer: C
Explanation:
A biome is a large community of vegetation and wildlife adapted to a specific climate. The five major types of biomes are aquatic, grassland, forest, desert, and tundra.
Q.26. Which Biome is largely affected by human activities?
(A) Tundra Biome
(B) Equatorial Biome
(C) Temperate Biome
(D) Boreal Biome
Answer: A
Explanation:
Q.27. Who divided the zoo geographical regions of the world?
(A) Wallace
(B) Lenius
(C) Darwin
(D) New Bagin
Answer: A
Explanation:
Philip Sclater (1858) and Alfred Wallace (1876) identified the main zoogeographic regions of the world used today-
- Palearctic region
- Nearctic region
- Neotropical region
- Ethiopian region
- Oriental region
- Australian region
Q.28. Who of the following used the term Deep Ecology for the first time?
(A) E.P. Odum
(B) C. Raunkiaer
(C) F.E. Clements
(D) Arne Naess
Answer: D
Explanation:
The term “deep ecology” was first used by the Norwegian philosopher Arne Naess in 1973.
Q.29. Which of the following has the largest biodiversity
(A) Temperate Deciduous Forest Biome
(B) Tropical Rainforest Biome
(C) Temperate Grassland Biome
(D) Savana Biome
Answer: B
Explanation:
Tropical rain forest contains varied ecological niches from forest floor to the canopy. Hence tropical rain forests are the most species-rich biome on Earth. Because of a high plant diversity, tropical rain forests also contain huge collection of animals including various insects, amphibians, reptiles, mammals and birds.
Q.30. A person who studies the interrelationship between organisms and their environment is called
(A) Environmental Scientist
(B) Zoo-Geographer
(C) Zoologist
(D) Ecologist
Answer: D
Explanation:
Ecologists study the interrelationships between organisms and their environments. For example, they may research how the creatures in forests, deserts, wetlands, or other ecosystems interact with each other, as well as their environments.