REGIONAL GEOGRAPHY 60 IMPORTANT MCQS PART 3 FOR NTA UGC NET

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Q.31. Which of the following was the earliest planning exercise in India

(A) National Capital Region Plan

(B) Dandakaranya Area Plan

(C) Damodar Valley Project

(D) Bakhra – Nangal Project

Answer: C

Explanation                                                     

Damodar Valley Project was executed on the river Damodar.

Damodar Valley Corporation (DVC) was formed in 1948. A comprehensive program of flood control, irrigation, and power generation was planned under a corporation with the participation of Bihar, West Bengal, and Govt. of India.

The irrigation and canal system of DVC has been handed over to the Govt. of West Bengal in 1964. There are 10 DVC power stations includes Mejia thermal power station, Bokaro thermal power station, Chandrapura thermal power station, Durgapur thermal power station, Durgapur steel thermal power station, Koderma thermal power station, Raghunathpur thermal power station, Maithon hydel station, Panchet hydel station, Tilaiya hydel station.

 

Q.32. The Metropolitan regions belongs to

(A) Formal Region

(B) Functional Region

(C) Single Purpose Region

(D) Natural Region

Answer: B

Explanation

 

Q.33. Who among the following attempted division of India into planning region

(A) O.H.K. Spate

(B) L.D. Stamp

(C) R.L. Singh

(D) R.P. Mishra

Answer: D

Explanation

 

Q.34. In which Five Year Plans regional imbalance was given prominence for the first time (2012)

(A) First

(B) Second

(C) Third

(D) Fourth

Answer: C

Explanation

Key Features of Five Year Plan

Third Five Year Plan (1961-1966)

• Target Growth: 5.6%; Actual Growth: 2.84%
• Highlighting Regional Imbalances.
• Focus: Growth in Agricultural and Industrial Sector.
• Establishment of a ‘self-reliant and self-generating economy’ / Independent Economy
• Failed to achieved its target due to two big wars- war with china (1962) and war with Pakistan (1965) and bad monsoon.
• Third five year plan was also known as ‘Gadgil Yojana’.

 

First Five Year Plan (1951- 1956)

• Primary focus on agriculture sector to achieve food self-sufficiency.
• Harrod Domar Growth Model- The Harrod-Domar model is a Keynesian model of economic growth. It is used in development economics to explain an economy’s growth rate in terms of the level of saving and of capital. It suggests that there is no natural reason for an economy to have balanced growth. The model was developed independently by Roy F. Harrod in 1939.

 

Second Five Year Plan (1956-1961)

• Target Growth: 4.5%; Actual Growth: 4.27%
• Priority on Industrial Sector
• Adopted Mahalanobis Economical model for Rapid Industrialization

Third Five Year Plan (1961-1966)

• Target Growth: 5.6%; Actual Growth: 2.84%
• Highlighting Regional Imbalances.
• Focus: Growth in Agricultural and Industrial Sector.
• Establishment of a ‘self-reliant and self-generating economy’ / Independent Economy
• Failed to achieved its target due to two big wars- war with china (1962) and war with Pakistan (1965) and bad monsoon.
• Third five year plan was also known as ‘Gadgil Yojana’.

Fourth Five Year Plan (1969-1974)

• Target Growth: 5.7%; Actual Growth: 3.30%
• Focus: Agricultural Growth and Green Revolution for self-sufficiency in food and self-reliance.

 

Fifth Five Year Plan ( 1974 -1979)

• Target Growth: 4.4%; Actual Growth: 4.8%
• Focus: Employment, checking inflation, poverty alleviation (Garibi Hatao) and Justice.
• It was prepared by D.P.Dhar

 

Sixth Five Year Plan (1980-1985)

• Target Growth: 5.2 %; Actual Growth: 5.4%
• Focus: Poverty Eradication, infrastructure and agriculture
• This plan was great success to the Indian economy.

 

Seventh Five Year Plan (1985-1990)

• Target Growth: 5.0 %; Actual Growth: 6.01%
• Focus: Economic productivity, production of food grains and generating employment
• Jowhar Rozgar Yojana was launched in 1989

 

Eight Five Year Plan (1992-1997)

• Target Growth: 5.6 %; Actual Growth: 6.8%
• Focus: Controlling population growth, poverty reduction, employment generation, strengthening infrastructure etc.
• New Economic Policy was launched during this plan.

 

Ninth Five Year Plan (1997-2002)

• Target Growth: 7 %; Actual Growth: 5.4%
• Focus: Growth with justice and equity
• Also stressed upon – Quality of life, generation of productive employment, regional balance, and self-reliance.

 

Tenth Five Year Plan (2002 –2007)

• Target Growth: 8 %; Actual Growth: 7.3%
• Focus: double the per capita income of India in the next 10 Years and reduce poverty by 15% by 2012.

Eleventh Five Year Plan (2007-2012)

• Target Growth: 8%
• Focus: Faster and more inclusive growth

 

Twelfth Five Year Plan (2012-2017)

• Target Growth: 8.1 %; Actual Growth: 7.9%
• Focus: “Faster, More Inclusive and Sustainable Growth”

 

Q.35. The project operation flood is related to

(A) Control of flood in low lying area of Ganga Basin

(B) Create a dam on Kosi River to control flood in Bihar State

(C) To increase milk production in India

(D) To increase fish production in India

Answer: C

Explanation

The project operation flood is related to increase milk production in India

It was launched by India’s National Dairy Development Board (NDDB) in 1970.

Q.36. The slogan Garibi-Hatao is associated with

(A) Fourth Five Year Plan

(B) Fiftth Five Year Plan

(C) Sixth Five Year Plan

(D) Seventh Five Year Plan

Answer: B

Explanation

Fifth Five Year Plan ( 1974 -1979)

Target Growth: 4.4%; Actual Growth: 4.8%

Focus: Employment, checking inflation, poverty alleviation (Garibi Hatao) and Justice.

It was prepared by D.P.Dhar

 

 

Q.37. Which plan is also called as ‘Gadgil Yojana’

(A) First Five Year Plan

(B) Second Five Year Plan

(C) Third Five Year Plan

(D) Fourth Five Year Plan

Answer: C

Explanation

Third Five Year Plan (1961-1966)

• Target Growth: 5.6%; Actual Growth: 2.84%
• Highlighting Regional Imbalances.
• Focus: Growth in Agricultural and Industrial Sector.
• Establishment of a ‘self-reliant and self-generating economy’ / Independent Economy
• Failed to achieved its target due to two big wars- war with china (1962) and war with Pakistan (1965) and bad monsoon.
• Third five year plan was also known as ‘Gadgil Yojana’.

 

 

Q.38. How many planning region India is divided by P. Sengupta and Galina Sadasyuk?

(A) 13 Macro and 36 Meso Regions

(B) 10 Macro and 40 Meso Regions

(C) 7 Macro and 42 Meso Regions

(D) 9 Macro and 20 Meso Regions

Answer: C

Explanation

 

Q.39. When did Planning Commission divided India Agro-climatic regions

(A) 1975

(B) 1980

(C) 1982

(D) 1988

Answer: D

Explanation

In 1988 the Planning Commission has divided India into fifteen (15) broad agro-climatic zones on the basis of physiography, soils, geological formation, Climate, cropping patterns, and development of irrigation and mineral resources for extensive agricultural planning and developing future strategies

 

Q.40. In India Planning are prepared by planning commission at

(A) District Level

(B) State Level

(C) Central Level

(D) Divisional Level

Answer: C

Explanation

 

Q.41. Who used the word ‘Landerkunde’ for the regional geography?

(A) Herbertson

(B) Ritter

(C)  Rauxby

(D) Hetner

Answer: D

Explanation

 

Q.42. Monsoon, Savana and Equatorial Regions come under the –

(A) Genetic Region

(B) Specific Region

(C) Natural Region

(D) Geographical Region

Answer: C

Explanation

 

Q.43. Which one of the following five year plans of India adopted to Harrod Domar growth model

(A) Second Five Year Plans

(B) Fourth Five Year Plans

(C) Third Five Year Plans

(D) First Five Year Plans

Answer: D

Explanation

 

Q.44. Which one of the following scholars introduced the concept of Human Development Index (HDI)

(A) F. Ratzel

(B) E.C. Semple

(C) P.C. Mahalnobis

(D) Dr. Mahabub-Ul Haq

Answer: D

Explanation

Human Development Index (HDI)

• The human development index (HDI) is a comparative measure of life expectancy, literacy, education and standard of living for countries world wide.
• It measures key dimensions of human development. The three key dimensions are – A long and healthy life, Access to education, A decent standard of living
• The Human Development Index (HDI) is an index that is published by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP).
• The United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) compiles the Human Development Index (HDI) of 189 countries in the annual Human Development Report.
• Out of 189 countries, India has ranked 131 on the Human Development Index 2020
• The index was developed in 1990 by Pakistani Economist Mahboob-ul- Haque and Indian Econimist Amartya Sen.

Indicators of HDI:

(a) Life Expectancy

(b) Education

(c) Per Capita Income

Classification of HDI

HDI scale ranges from 0-1

1. Very High Human Development category (HDI 0.900 and Above)
2. High Human Development category (HDI 0.800 – 0.899)
3. Medium Human Development category (HDI 0.500 – 0.799)
4. Low Human Development category (HDI below 0.500)

Top HDI Countries:

1. Norway- HDI 0.957
2. Ireland – HDI 0.955
3. Switzerland- HDI 0.955

Lowest HDI Countries:

1. Niger- HDI 0.394
2. Central African Republic- HDI 0.397
3. Chad – HDI 0.398

 

HDI Index as India’s Context

India’s HDI value for 2019 is 0.645

India has been positioned at 131 out of 189 countries

 

Top HDI States: (2019)

1. Kerala- HDI 0.782
2. Himachal Pradesh – HDI 0.725
3. Punjab – HDI 0.724

Lowest HDI States: (2019)

1. Bihar- HDI 0.574
2. Uttar Pradesh – HDI 0.596
3. Jharkhand- HDI 0.599

 

* West Bengal- HDI 0.641

Q.45. Which one of the following indicators is not concerned with Human Development Index (HDI)

(A) Life Expectancy

(B) Social Overhead Capital

(C) Educational Attainment

(D) Standard of Living

Answer: B

Explanation

Indicators of HDI:

(a) Life Expectancy

(b) Education

(c) Per Capita Income

                                                                                                 

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