Feminism in Geography Full Notes
[5] Feminism in Geography
Feminism is the belief that women should have equal rights to men. In consequence, the feminist movement fights for equal rights & opportunities for women. It is women’s movement in 1960s to struggle for the equality of rights as social class.
Feminist geography focuses on the inequalities towards women and removing those disadvantages towards women. So, it is the theory of the political, economic and social equality of the sexes.
It is a set of political and social philosophies and emphasise role of gender in the constitution of social life. It is a system of thought radicalised by women’s experiences of multiple forms of oppressions like gender, class, race, religion and region.
Origin:
The Feminist geography emerged in between 1960s and 1970s.
Feminist Geographer: Joni Seager, Doreen Massey, Susan Manson, Gillian Rose, Linda McDowell and Joanne P. Sharp etc. are eminent feminist geographers and scholars, describe the struggle of gaining recognition in academia.
Assumptions of Feminist Geography
[a] Gender oppresses women: in the form of dowry, sati paratha, inequalities for work, so there is where we see gender oppresses women.
[b] Social construct led by Patriarchy
[c] Women’s knowledge must for free society
Types of Feminism
Gender inequalities prevalent in the society are the reason for genesis of following four types of feminism
[i] Liberal Feminism
Liberal Feminism aims to achieve equal legal, political, and social rights for women.
It wishes to bring women equality into all public institution and to extend the creation of knowledge so that women’s issues can no longer be ignored.
[ii] Marxist Feminism
It asserts that capitalist class relationships are the root cause of female oppression, exploitation and discrimination
Capitalism is benefitted by the ‘family system’ characteristic of modern societies because women can be forced or socialised into unpaid domestic labour or child rearing. This benefits the capitalists because they do not have to pay women to perform this role. It advocates overthrow of the capitalist system of economic exploitation.
[iii] Socialists Feminism
It asserts that the main reason for women’s lower status in relation to men is governed by the social relations they inhabit and types of work they perform.
It advocates to create a more equal and equitable form of society. Social feminists believe that procreative activities and public sphere production are generally inter-dependent.
[iv] Radical Feminism
Radical Feminism arose within the second wave in the 1960s.
Radical feminism is a perspective within feminism that calls for a radical reordering of society in which male supremacy is eliminated in all social and economic contexts. Radical feminists seek to abolish patriarchy by challenging existing social norms and institutions, rather than through a purely political process.
Key Points on Feminism in Geography:
[1] Feminist geography focuses on the inequalities towards women and removing those disadvantages towards women.
[2] The Feminist geography emerged in between 1960s and 1970s.
[3] Joni Seager, Doreen Massey, Susan Manson, Gillian Rose, Linda McDowell and Joanne P. Sharp etc. are eminent feminist geographers and scholars,
[4] Assumptions of Feminist Geography
[a] Gender oppresses women
[b] Social construct led by Patriarchy
[c] Women’s knowledge must for free society
[5] Types of Feminism
[i] Liberal Feminism
[ii] Marxist Feminism
[iii] Socialists Feminism
[iv] Radical Feminism
N.B- Notes will be updated time to time
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